Hotel Thesis - 6924 Words

Executive summary Comprehensive sectoral analysis of emerging competencies and economic activities in the European Union Lot 12: Hotels and restaurants Executive summary Submitted to the European Commission; Employment, Social Affairs and Equal Opportunities DG April 2009 Executive Summary Main economic and employment trends The Hotels and restaurants sector is a highly labour intensive service sector employing nearly nine million persons across the EU. A large part of the sector is closely linked to the dynamics of the tourism economy; in terms of turnover the Hotels and restaurants sector counts for more than 70% of the EU tourism sector. The Hotels and restaurants sector can be divided into three thematic sub-sectors: †¢Ã¢â‚¬ ¦show more content†¦Number of persons employed in Europe, USA and Japan Hotels and restaurants 12000000 10000000 8000000 6000000 4000000 2000000 0 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 Europe USA Japan Source: Eurostat.eu; US Bureau of Labour Statistics; Japanese Statistics Bureau Finally, when looking at the different occupational groups of the Hotels and restaurants sector, some differences can be traced between the new and the old Member States. The old Member States (EU15) have significantly more managers of small enterprises than the new Member States, implying that the importance of SMEs is greater in the EU15. The core occupational group of the sector is the service workers and shop and market sales workers, comprising more than half of the total employment in the sector. Changes in the share of occupations from 2000 to 2007 are very small, making it hard to identify 3 20 20 06 major trends. There seems to be a slight tendency however, of service workers making up a decreasing share of the total sectoral employment. Employment by occupation of total sectoral employment (%) NACE H55 Hotels and restaurants 2000 ISCO Occupation Managers of small entreprises Other legislators, senior officials and managers Professionals, technicians and associate professionals Clerks Service workers and shop and market sales workers Crafts and related trades workers Elementary occupations Source:Show MoreRelatedHotel Reservation System Thesis1089 Words   |  5 Pages Hotel Reservation System Lecturer: Mrs. Anabelle Dicay Date Submitted: March 6, 2013 I. Introduction A. Group Our group name is â€Å"J and J†. How did we come up to this name? The name â€Å"J and J† is derived from the first letter of the first name of each member of the group. B. Company Rivera Hotel This family-ownedRead MoreTransformational Leadership And Guest Satisfaction Ratings Within The Hospitality Industry1101 Words   |  5 Pagesin the industry are trained and their methods of leading. Discussion Padron’s dissertation Transformational Leadership of Hotel General Managers and Guest Satisfaction Ratings: A Correlational Study, was obtained through the ProQuest Digital Dissertation and Thesis Database. The research questions addressed include; to what degree does transformational leadership of a hotel GM affect guest satisfaction survey results, and is there a relationship between transformational leadership ratings and guestRead MoreOutsourcing and Hotels1561 Words   |  7 Pagesoutsourcing in hotels was not a popular concept but more recently with the downturn in the economy in the nineteen nineties more and more hotels are turning to outsourcing to help increase their revenues and maximize their profit potential. The use of outsourcing enables firms to maximize their resources and to reinforce their competitive advantage. One of the most popular areas for outsourcing in hotels would have to be the Food and Beverage sector. The decision to outsource by many hotels has beenRead MoreA Study On The Luxury Hotel Industry1724 Words   |  7 Pagespaper. This chapter opens explaining qualitative methodology and why it is the chosen method for the study. Then, after, it details the process of data collection. Qualitative Methodology The research question of this study concerns how the luxury hotel industry can adapt to Chinese conceptualizations and consumer behavior. As the study focuses on culture and values, and how they are represented in Chinese actions and expectations, qualitative methods were determined to be the best process to understandRead MoreLan-Based Reservation System for Hacienda Gracia Resort and Hotel11674 Words   |  47 Pagesobserved in businesses or companies such as hotels, schools, resorts, and even shopping malls. Relative to the researchers study, this technology will be implemented to a resort and hotel for reservation processes. A resort is a place used for  relaxation  or  recreation, where visitors are being attracted to take their  holiday  or  vacation. It refers to places, towns or sometimes commercial establishments operated by a single company. On the other hand, a hotel is differentiated as an establishment thatRead MoreA Review On A Hotel Services Based On Criteria Of Meeting Guest Expectations And Experience Essay1958 Words   |  8 Pagesreviews signifies the significance of the interaction between hotels and their guests in terms of meeting guest expectations and experience. Blal and Sturman (2014) note that reviews have a clear correlation with demand for hotel services and it mostly has to do with reputation. A positive review is one that provides a high rating – usually 4 to 5 star rating – of a hotel’s services based on criteria such as cleanliness, staff attitude, hotel condition, and comfort. A negative review is one that providesRead MoreCustomer Satisfact ion in the Practices in the Hotels/Inns and Resorts8670 Words   |  35 PagesCUSTOMER SATISFACTION ON THE PRACTICES OF THE HOTELS/INNS AND RESORTS IN THE FIRST DISTRICT OF ILOCOS SUR A Thesis Proposal Presented to The Faculty of Graduate School University of Northern Philippines Vigan City In Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree Master of Business Administration By: VIVENCIO C. PERALTA JR. 2011-2012 CHAPTER 1 THE PROBLEM Introduction Throughout historyRead MoreOnline User Generated Content ( Ugc ) Essay2241 Words   |  9 Pagesto the conventional guests satisfaction survey (GSS), which has for a long time been linked to a hotel’s performance. According to Duverger (2013), technological development and evolving consumer choices make the use of GSS labourous for both the hotels and the guests. In addition, the GSS participation levels are currently low as they are tiresome for the modern traveller. Duverger (2012 ) argues the reason is that surveys provide minimal opportunity for commenting on the real issues as the questionsRead MoreService Innovation in Hospitality Industry18482 Words   |  74 PagesInnovation in Hotel Industry Case Study of InfoQuest Service Science E-level thesis Date/Term: Supervisor: Lars Haglund Erik Sundstrà ¶ m Examiner: Serial Number: Karlstads universitet 651 88 Karlstad Tfn 054-700 10 00 Fax 054-700 14 60 Information@kau.se www.kau.se Abstract of dissertation Being developed for centuries, Hotel Industry has been in its maturity period for a long time. Confronted with fierce competition and the current global economic crisis, it becomes a hot topic in Hotel IndustryRead MoreHotel Reservation and Billing System2300 Words   |  10 Pagesalready many hotel existing. One of which is D’ Budgetel that serves private rooms and dormitory type. It is located at Corrales Extension, Cagayan de Oro City and is owned by Monte Carlo Realty and Development Corporation. D’ Budgetel started the operation of their dormitory type on April 20, 2009 and their private rooms on August 22, 2009. Since the said industry is new, they still don’t have computerized system for reservation and billing which is very useful for business purposes. For thesis project

Personal Dilemma - 874 Words

Personal Dilemma Paper CJA/324- Ethics in Criminal Justice Personal Dilemma We live in a world of diversity and in a government that gives individuals the right of freedom of speech which enables citizens to express their thoughts and ideas without any suppression. People are given equal opportunity, and women have become empowered. It has taken our government a long journey to finally create laws to protect and give the people rights, which are no longer being based on race, religion, or gender. Therefore, people are able to pursue any profession without the stigma of being rejected for factors that are beyond their control.†¦show more content†¦For one month straight, he would continue to throw obstacles and challenges to finally break my morale. He failed to realize that choosing this profession was a personal option, serving my country was my duty and one individual was not going to affect my abilities to perform my job. He realized that as much as he disapproved women serving in the army, soldiers are defined by the values they live by and the efforts invested to become a strong asset to the military, male or female are worthy of wearing the uniform. At that time it was the beginning of my military career and was learning to adjust to this new way of life. It was complicated to decide what methods to use to confront the issue, since being lower ranking, inexperienced did not help and he was the commanding officer. The military is completely different compared to a civilian job, you are unable to just walk away, or quit unless failure to adapt. However, most likely if faced now with a similar issue it would be addressed differently, immediate action would be taken place since that is define as harassment and discrimination. Discrimination in any work environment is inacceptable and every professional environment requires following the code of ethics. In the military we follow the army values to help in becoming noncommissioned officers a leader of soldiers with the responsibilities of accomplishing the mission and the welfareShow MoreRelatedGraduation Speech : My Personal Life Dilemma960 Words   |  4 PagesThis is my personal life dilemma. I was pursuing my graduation in my home country. In the last semester of my study, my par ents made the decision that I should get married, but I wanted to go abroad to get further education. At that time I decided to go with my parents. After 1 year of marriage, I completed my study and I decided to go abroad for my further education. I completed the relevant exam with a good score. Finally I got visa for Canada. Before one month of coming to Canada my wife got pregnantRead MorePersonal Dilemma Experince754 Words   |  4 PagesRecently, within the past year, I was faced with a moral and ethical dilemma, which forced me to choose between honesty and loyalty (punc.) and the result of that choice will hopefully guide me in future decisions.(Good opening sentence) At the time of the incident I was working as a pharmacy technician in ________. The dilemma I was faced with involved a fellow technician who was hired at the same time as me and the two of us had become close friends during the course of our employment. Now thisRead MoreDuty of Care Essay908 Words   |  4 Pa gesmeans to be accountable for the children and young people in our care by e.g. exercising authority, managing risks, working safely, safeguarding children and young people, monitoring own behaviour and conduct, maintaining confidentiality, storing personal information appropriately, reporting concerns and allegations, making professional judgements, maintaining professional boundaries, avoiding favouritism, maintaining high standards of conduct outside the professional role. Explain how duty ofRead MoreThe Dilemma Of Personal Cultural Identification1911 Words   |  8 PagesOn the Dilemma of Personal Cultural Identification Like many Americans, I have ancestors who immigrated to the United States out of necessity. Many people have stories of their ancestors trying to escape poverty or unstable government, while others’ forebears came for the opportunity with which the United States seemed to be overflowing, and others still tell of their predecessors leaving for personal reasons, perhaps to find a family member who had left years before. For those who had fled theirRead MoreA Short Note On Personal Dilemmas1720 Words   |  7 Pagesconcern, this was at the time of Debbie’s presence within her living within the communal block; the reason for this was the issue of the persistent knocking on the front door, which in turn caused my partner weirdly to question me in regard to my personal relationship with Debbie. When ever I could I would go to my front door and look though the spy hole, this was when ever I heard a person at the front doors, that is to mean the front doors of mine or Stans, as his front door is opposite mine andRead MoreThe Personal Dilemmas Of Creon Vs. Antigone920 Words   |  4 Pagesâ€Å"Only enemies speak the truth; friends and lovers lie endlessly, caught in the web of duty.† - Stephen King (brainyquotes.com). In Sophocles’ Antigone as well as Anouilh’s version of the play duty versus personal motives is a very significant theme that heavily contributes to the outcome of the character’s actions. The two protagonists, in both plays, Creon and Antigone are aware of the negative consequences of their actions. Creon and Antigone both believe that they are correct within their argumentsRead More The Change in Food Production in Pollan’s The Ominvore’s Dilemma1320 Words   |  6 PagesOminvore’s Dilemma, he showcases the tr ansformative nature of food production throughout the years, by emphasizing the commercialization and industrialization aspects of this continual food evolution. Though Pollan expresses his opinions on modern-day methods of food production and categorization of these means of production, he experiences the dilemma that is commonly faced by many individuals in this day and age. Therefore, he undergoes the endeavor to find the solution to this national dilemma. HeRead MoreThe Ethical Dilemmas of Collecting Data and the Consequential Revision of Commodities, Culture and the Politics of Representations Definitions 1751 Words   |  7 Pagesinformation or data has become assets to companies, being regarded as property to be bought and sold to between companies. However, this has put forward the following primary ethical dilemmas surrounding human rights: the right to informed consent and the right to personal data. In addition to the creation of ethical dilemmas, the collection of human data has brought about a need for a revision of definitions. Commodities are known as a raw material or primary agricultural product that can be bought andRead MoreIntroduction. In Term Three Of The Practical Nursing Program1389 Words   |  6 Pagescame. This type of situation was a moral dilemma, the patient is unable to change her own brief and the nurse was not nearby to do so. As a student nurse I was unable to do a bed bath and change the patients brie f without assistance. Moral Dilemma As stated by moral dilemma Is a problem without a satisfactory resolution. The significance of ethical decision-making lays in the fact that very different ethical choices regarding the same ethical dilemma can be made resulting in neither choice beingRead MoreA Brief Explanation Of The Prisoners Dilemma1431 Words   |  6 PagesPurpose: Introduction/background of problem The purpose of this discussion is to give a brief explanation of the Prisoner’s Dilemma game, the notion of dominant strategy, and the concept of Nash equilibrium and cooperation. The Prisoner`s Dilemma game helps us understand what governs the balance between cooperation and competition in business, in politics, and in social settings (Dixit Nalebuff, 2008). An example, of a traditional method of this game is how a school principal resolve

Reinventing the Starbucks Experience Free Essays

In his memo to his senior team, Howard Schultz wrote about his visions of Starbucks and his disappointment over what he called the â€Å"commoditization of the Starbucks experience. † He gave a detailed list of the decisions that has contributed to this fate. His visions are clear and the arguments he presented are impeccable but this paper will look at the situation from a different viewpoint. We will write a custom essay sample on Reinventing the Starbucks Experience or any similar topic only for you Order Now The question is should they stick with the changes or revert to the old ways and preserve tradition? Going Big Howard Schultz mentioned several decisions that that led to the â€Å"watering down† of the Starbucks experience. These are: †¢ Changing La Marzocca machines with automatic espresso machines. †¢ Shifting from fresh coffee to fresh roasted bagged coffee. †¢ Transforming store design. While he believes these changes resulted to the â€Å"commoditization† of Starbucks, he admitted that these were necessary and instrumental in bringing Starbucks from 1000 to more than 13,000 stores (Schultz, 2007). These changes allowed Starbucks to speed up their services, become more efficient, cost-effective and competitive. Starbucks Soul Everything has its own price. Starbucks achieved their business goals but lost sight of their vision along the way. For Howard Schultz, losing their â€Å"soul† for profit was a high price to pay. In his memo, he mentioned that shifting from La Marzocca to automatic espresso machines removed the â€Å"romance and theater† of the process. The height of the machines blocked the view and took away the intimacy of the experience. Shifting to roasted coffee took out the aroma and stripped the store of its tradition and heritage. Lastly, changing store design eliminated the â€Å"warm feeling of a neighborhood store† (Schultz, 2007). Reinventing the Experience Soul, experience, romance, theater, temple- these are some of the words Howard Schultz associated with Starbucks. Reading his memo gives everyone a glimpse of his vision for Starbucks. It shows how passionate he is about his product and his store. It details the experience he envisions customers would feel in going to his stores. To him, it is not just selling coffee, it’s an experience. It is not just a store, it’s a temple. It is not just good customer service, it is romance. For someone who found his â€Å"Mecca† in Starbucks, those things mean a great deal. However, Schultz has to consider the possibility that not all people share that vision. A lot of people love to drink coffee but that does not mean they are as passionate about the experience as he is. Some customers are not as in love with the tradition and legacy as he is. There is nothing wrong about Howard Schultz’s vision and we can not blame him for being alarmed by the changes that happened in his stores. However, Starbucks have to be open to the fact that there might be a big difference between people who hang out in coffee shops in 1981 to the millions of Starbucks patrons around the world today. They have to realize that it is not just a simple case of profit versus soul or efficiency versus tradition. They have to consider what kind of â€Å"experience† people are hoping to get from their stores and work from their. Starbucks are founded by solid visions but that can only take them so far. In the end it is what the customers think that matters. Conclusion Howard Schultz is not just a businessman, he is a visionary. For him, profit is not enough, he want to preserve the tradition and leave a legacy. However, he has to accept the fact that to some people, coffee is just an ordinary drink, a commodity that does not need to be romanticized. How to cite Reinventing the Starbucks Experience, Papers

Sedentary Behavior and Cognitive Development †MyAssignmenthelp

Question: Discuss about the Sedentary Behavior and Cognitive Development. Answer: Introduction: Child development is a process, which includes various sequences. However, physical, emotional, language, and thought changes occur during the development of the child (Moore 2017). Child development refers to the development of the children from their birth to adulthood. During this developmental phase, children become independent and reduce their dependency on their parents. Genetic factors and events of parental life influence child development. On the other hand, learning capacity of the children and environmental factors also influence the child development process. Different practices such as therapeutic intervention and home-based practices accelerate the child development. During this developmental period, the children start to learn and social interaction takes place. Child development also includes language development. Children learn how to use language and communicating with individuals. Development of physical skill and sensory awareness are the other aspects of child de velopment. Early literacy skill is significant for children as it helps them to learn how to read. Early literacy skill enhances the vocabulary of children as a result; the children develop a good understanding regarding different words (Xu et al. 2017). Letter knowledge can be developed through early literacy skill. In kindergarten school, early literacy skill is developed. Development of sound awareness and phonological skill are other significances of early literacy skill in child development. Development of narrative skill is another positive outcome of early literacy skill. This skill allows the children to describe the stories and event of life, which enhances their learning capacity. Early literacy skill builds the conversation capacity of the children. Therefore, children can develop their reading and writing skill through their early literacy skill. Identification of the children's need for early literacy skill Children have developmental needs that lead them to acquire early literacy skill. Development of social skill is one of the basic needs of children. In order to become a functioning member of the society, children need to adopt social skill. Hence, development of social skill is one major aspect of early literacy skill. By acquiring social skill children are able to make an interaction with the people (Lonigan et al. 2017). Children can communicate their ideas by developing their early literacy skill. Establishment of career ability is another need of children. To become a functional adult's children need to learn various things that are present in their school and outside of the schools. By discovering their talents children are able to develop early literacy skill. Development of internal skill is another need for children which can be done acquiring early literacy skill. Internal skill helps the children to deal with the difficulties. In order to identify the developmental needs of children, it is important for the parents to have an in-depth understanding the present learning stage of children. Therefore, by using strong observation parents can identify the learning needs of the children (Purpura et al. 2017). On the other hand, proper monitoring process is helpful to detect the developmental needs of the children. Apart from this partnership working with the educators and parents will be helpful to identify the early literacy skill development needs of children. Role of a teacher in major task analysis and solution development Task analysis refers to a fundamental tool that focuses on teaching the skill. For a teacher, it is important to provide sufficient support to the children to enhance their learning ability by doing the task (Vandenbroucke et al. 2017). The teachers need to apply their language skill while analyzing the task. The task needs to split into small segments as it will be easier for the children to understand. For the teacher, it is crucial to define the task by using their skill then collect authentic data based on this task. Proper investigation is required during the task analysis. Therefore, the teachers need to consider their all skills while analyzing a major task. Review and monitoring are necessary for the analysis of the task. Teachers have to monitor the performance of children in order to measure their learning capacity. During the analysis of major task, the teacher or educator needs to identify which child has strong learning capacity and which has not. In order to develop a s olution the teacher first need to identify the problem. After identification of the problem solution will be developed based on the nature of a problem. To develop a problem-based solution development of a preliminary framework is important. Therefore, the teachers can implement an action plan based on child development problem. Language is the central area of academic career. Without having good language skill students are not able to make sense of their reading. Therefore, the students can communicate their understanding of any subject by using their language skill. Language skill helps the students to develop a clear understanding of their study material. Therefore, to enhance the vocabulary language skill is crucial for the students. In order to gain success in academic career, the students need to communicate properly and to generate a clear idea regarding their subjects (Ribot et al. 2017). Hence, language skill enables the students to communicate their learning needs to their professor. Writing is an essential part of an academic career. Thus, to write a good academic paper student need to acquire good language skill. Language skill helps the students to write a good paper in their own language without doing any plagiarism (Haley et al. 2017). Good language skill enables the students to work more prod uctively with others by establishing an effective communication with others. Hence, it can be said that language skill is helpful for the students to enhance their reading and writing capacity. Establishment of good language skill allows the students to explore their knowledge in an academic career. On the other hand, acquiring academic language students get success in their content area. Academic language is considered as the most important factor to achieve success in academic career. Thus, for every student gaining knowledge of the academic language will be an effective approach to get a good grade in their academic career. Frequency of the language problem in the early years Talking is important for every child as it strengthens their communication ability and speaking capacity. However, in early childhood language problem often takes place if the children fail to adopt early literacy skill (Carson et al. 2015). Often the children are not able to find the right words and to form a clear sentence at their early stage. Study shows that pre-school children often face language problem at their early stage of life. On the other hand, often the children are not able to understand the speech of other persons due to difficulties in their language. Lack of proper guidance is a major reason that leads the children to face language difficulties. Children at age group of 3 to 4 have very basic vocabulary. Therefore, the children use short, incomplete and ungrammatical sentences through which they are not able to express their feelings (Yew and OKearney 2015). At early childhood, children are not able to follow the conversation, which focuses on their language difficulties. Hence, it can be said that the frequency of language problem in early year is high among the children. Children face different types of language issues at their early stage of life such as receptive language issue, mixed receptive-expressive language issue, and expressive language issue. Often children at age group of 5-6 face receptive language issue as they are not able to understand other's speech. Children at 3 to 4 years face expressive language issue as they are not able to express their ideas and thoughts. Apart from this many children have both receptive and expressive language issue, which can be reduced by undertaking proper language development practices. Early language and literacy development Early language and literacy development take place between 1 to 3 years age group of children. Such early language and literacy development is associated with the children's experience with the stories and books (August and Shanahan 2017). According to various research studies, children develop an experiential and interactive process of written language and learning spoken skill at their early stage of life. However, children can develop their reading and writing skill before they enter in a school. On the other hand, children can communicate with people by using social literacy inside and outside of their school. Therefore, children interact with older people and their friends, which also enhance their literacy skill. Interaction with other people by using literacy materials and books allows the children to develop their literacy skill and language skill. By developing positive interaction with people children can develop their literacy skill. On the other continuous attachment with the literacy materials helps the children to develop their language skill. Hence, it can be said that early literacy skill and language are developed among the children at early years before they go to their school. Age group Preferences in Book 0.1 year Small sized books board books along with photos of baby colored book, books having much picture books contains pictures that can be touched 1-2 year Sturdy board books books include familiar elements books with more picture and less words rhymes book goodnight books etc 2-3 year Books with specific pictures with specific name funny books silly books board pages book books include children and family information books include animal, food and other interesting objects Simple story books Books with shapes and alphabets Table 1: List of book preferences from infant to toddler age (Source: Roskos 2017) Young children have various preferences in books based on their different age group. As for example, between theb6 to 12 months children prefer small books with numerous pictures. However, during this time the children have no ability to read a book thus they give their focus on pictures that are present in a book (Roskos 2017). Board and brightly colored books are preferred by the children at this age. However, at this age group the brain of children are not developed properly thus, they are not able to read and right. They have no capacity to understand the meaning of words present in a book. Hence, books having more pictures are liked by this age group of children. Younger toddler age group of 12 to 24 months likes books, which include familiar things such as eating, playing sleeping etc. This age group prefers books having more pictures with less word. Children like simple rhymes book at this age. On the other hand, books include small meaningful word are liked by this age group. During this period children's brain is developed more and they are able to understand the meaning of small words that are mentioned in their books. Therefore, children at the age group of 24 to 36 months have more developed brain in comparison to previous age groups (Uccelli et al. 2018). Thus, they prefer books having more pictures with short information. In this age children are able to read and write. Therefore, they are able to understand the meaning of sentences in a book. This toddler group likes silly book, funny book, and books that include different information based on different objects. Early literacy behavior of infant and toddlers Early literacy skill helps the children to develop their literacy. Infant and toddlers start to learn the process of reading and writing by using their early literacy skill. At the very early years that are in infant age children start to show book handling and book mounting behavior (Jung 2018). Turning and chewing of the book pages are done by children during book handling. This behavior also called physical manipulation. During the infancy, such type of behavior can be observed among the children. During the toddler age, children show story comprehension behavior. At this time children are able to understand the pictures and express various actions by watching this picture. Looking and recognizing the information in a book is another early literacy behavior of toddler age. Through this behavior, children are able to recognize the picture in a book. Story reading behavior is observed in toddler age. This behavior shows the verbal interaction of children with their book and they are able to understand the meaning of language that is written in a book. References Moore, R.C., 2017. Childhood's domain: Play and place in child development (Vol. 6). Routledge. Xu, Y., Farver, J.A.M. and Krieg, A., 2017. The home environment and Asian immigrant childrens early literacy skills. Parenting, 17(2), pp.104-123. Lonigan, C.J., Allan, D.M. and Phillips, B.M., 2017. Examining the predictive relations between two aspects of self-regulation and growth in preschool childrens early literacy skills. Developmental psychology, 53(1), p.63. Purpura, D.J., Logan, J.A., Hassinger-Das, B. and Napoli, A.R., 2017. Why do early mathematics skills predict later reading? The role of mathematical language. Developmental psychology, 53(9), p.1633. Vandenbroucke, L., Spilt, J., Verschueren, K., Piccinin, C. and Baeyens, D., 2017. The Classroom as a Developmental Context for Cognitive Development: A Meta-Analysis on the Importance of TeacherStudent Interactions for Childrens Executive Functions. Review of Educational Research, p.0034654317743200. Ribot, K.M., Hoff, E. and Burridge, A., 2017. Language use contributes to expressive language growth: Evidence from bilingual children. Child development. Haley, A., Hulme, C., Bowyer?Crane, C., Snowling, M.J. and Fricke, S., 2017. Oral language skills intervention in pre?schoola cautionary tale. International journal of language communication disorders, 52(1), pp.71-79. Carson, V., Kuzik, N., Hunter, S., Wiebe, S.A., Spence, J.C., Friedman, A., Tremblay, M.S., Slater, L.G. and Hinkley, T., 2015. Systematic review of sedentary behavior and cognitive development in early childhood. Preventive medicine, 78, pp.115-122. Yew, S.G.K. and OKearney, R., 2015. The role of early language difficulties in the trajectories of conduct problems across childhood. Journal of abnormal child psychology, 43(8), pp.1515-1527. August, D. and Shanahan, T., 2017. Developing literacy in second-language learners: Report of the National Literacy Panel on Language-Minority Children and Youth. Routledge. Roskos, K.A. ed., 2017. Play and literacy in early childhood: Research from multiple perspectives. Routledge. Uccelli, P., Demir?Lira, .E., Rowe, M.L., Levine, S. and Goldin?Meadow, S., 2018. Children's Early Decontextualized Talk Predicts Academic Language Proficiency in Midadolescence. Child development. Jung, Y., 2018. Associations between in-the-moment behavior of children, family literacy program use, and Latina mother-child book reading. Early Child Development and Care, pp.1-14.